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OBJ:
Type C
1-10 BECABBADAE
11-20 DEDBBEEBCA
21-30 DDACBBEEAA
31-40 ACACAEDEED
41-50 EBDADBEDBB
51-60 EDCDDBEDBD
ESSAY:
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1 i) prospectus: A prospectus is any
circular,note,newspaper advertisement or
other invitation offering to the public for
subscription or purchase of any share or
debentures of company.it is usually published
with application form.share are allotted to
those who apply
ii). by offer for sale: the whole issue of shares is
allotted to an issuing house (merchant
bank,financial house) which offer them to the
public by means of offer-for-sale
iii.) by a right-issue: a newly established
company may issue further capital by offering
the shares concerned to existing members at
favourable terms.
iv.) by placing: a method of issuing securities
through an intermediary such as a firm of
stock brokers.the intermediary endeavours to
place the issue among institutional investors
v.) by introduction through the stock exchange
whereby new issue of shares are made to the
public by the company
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(3a)
(i)To ensure the most effective and beneficial
need of the waters and resources of rivers
Nigers.
(ii)To examine the plans of members
countries.
(iii)To collect, evaluate and disseminate data
on the basin
(iv)To recommend to the government of
members countries plans for the judicious use
of the Niger basin
(iv)To draw up general regulations in relation
to the act of Niamey.
(3b)
(i)It supplies sources of income for farmers
(ii)It produces or manufactures goods for
human satisfaction
(iii)It completes the process of production
through branding, labeling and packaging
(iv)It bears part of production and
distribution risks
(v)It has access to bulk and large quantity of
raw materials with gain of average cost.
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(4a) Consumer protection can be defined as
an act of ensuring that consumers derive
maximum satisfaction from the commodities
they buy and to reduce their exploitation by
manufacturers and middleman.
(4b)
(i)To ensure that consumers obtain what they
want
(ii)To protect them from consuming harmful
goods
(iii)To prevent arbitrary increasing prices
(iv)To check against misleading advertisement
and false claims
(v)To reduce the exploitation of the consumers
(vi)To enable the customers enjoy what they
have paid for. copied from Jazzyfans.net blog
(vii)To maximize the satisfaction derived from
the goods and services demanded for
(viii)To protect consumers from buying
defective goods and goods that do not confirm
with description and samples advertised
============================
(5a)
Discount can be defined as term of sale where
there is granting of allowances by the seller to
the buyer out of the total selling price
(5b)
(i)TRADE DISCOUNT: This is a type of discount
that is allowed to encourage bulk purchase.
(ii)CASH DISCOUNT: This discount is given out
to encourage prompt payment.
(iii)QUANTITY DISCOUNT: Is allowed to
encourage large quantity purchase in a single
delivery.
(iv)SEASONAL DISCOUNT: This is the
allowance granted in order to ensure boost
sales during certain period e.g. festivals
(5c)
(i)To encourage more sales in order to
maximize profits
(ii)To create conveniency for buyers during
purchases
(iii)To mark a particular period of season
(iv)To encourage cash sales and discourage
credit sales
=============================
6 i) problem of distance: international trade
involves two or more countries that are far
from one another copied.
ii.) problem of transport and communication:
problem arises when transport and
communication are not efficient as what
happens in west Africa
iii.) currency differences: before a country buys
anything from another country she must
change her currency to the other country’s
currency because,every country has its own
currency.
iv.) language problem: two countries that speak
and understand the same language can trade
more easily than the other way round.
v.) cultural problem: certain aspects of people’s
culture constitute a stumbling block to
international trade
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7a.)
-coins
-paper money
-bank money
-foreign money
-legal money
7b.)
i.) general acceptability: it must be acceptable to
the people of that country community or a
certain territory
ii.) absolute homogeneity: the article used as
money must be the same in all parts of the
country where it is being accepted as a
medium of exchange.
iii.) recognizability: it is the quality makes
people to detect which the real and counterfeit
money
iv.) divisibility: it must be capable f being
divided into smaller units which facilitate
exchange of goods and services
v.portability:money must be something that
can be easily carried about from one place to
another
===================
===================
8. i.) pricing with the market: this is a pricing
policy that takes into consideration the leaders
in the industry.it is also known as “follow-the-
leader” pricing i.e the producer charges prices
that match those of the industry leader
ii.) market skimming: this is a pricing policy
that is applied by setting up an initial high
price which will eventually be reduced as
competition in the market goes up.this will
induce consumers to buy more if the product
when competitor’s price remain high
iii.) market penetration: this is a pricing
strategy being used in introducing a new
product into the market.it entails changing a
low price in order to get back the initial
investment from huge sales.
iv.) supply and demand curve: this is a pricing
policy in accordance with economic theory
which states that the price of a product is one
of where the supply and demand curves
intercept each other (i.e the equilibrium price)
v.) pricing above the market: this is a pricing
policy that aims at changing higher prices
than the competitors.it is a strategy usually
adopted by firms selling to the wealthy people
who want prestige or like to create a special
class
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9i.) climatic and weather differences: climatic
and weather condition determine to a large
extent the nature of occupation that will be
practised in such an area.while lumbering in
practised in thick swampy forest areas,fishing
is being practised in the riverine area
ii.) education,skill and
training:normally,people engage in
occupation in which they have education,skill
and training.this is why a trained doctor
engages in rendering medical services while
unskilled workers are engaged in extractive
occupations like farming,mining,quarrying
e.t,c. copied from Jazzyfans.net blog
iii.) natural resources: the presence of mineral
resources in a particular place will attract the
attention of miners while the existence of pool
of water or seaport which are part of natural
resources will dictate the type of occupation
that is predominant in such area.
iv.) salary & wages: the remuneration and
conditions of service attached to a particular
occupation determines the number that will be
interested in such an occupation.for
example,many people are running away from
teaching as an occupation because of the poor
condition of service attached to it
v.) government policies: the policy of
government as regards the age of employment
determines the occupation the choice of
occupation into which individual fits in
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COMPLETED!!!
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